Titled "Night Trap (Primarily) Introduced Video Game Ratings" focuses on the introduction of video-game ratings, which Night Trap in 1992 caused them to get invented. This contains all the references and research material used throughout the development.
To view the full documentary in length, please visit the following link.
News Articles, Interviews, Press Releases, Blogs, and Websites
• Anthony Larme - “Night Trap” [https://anthonylarme.tripod.com/phantas/phdanger.html#trap]
• Australian Government: Classification - “Classification (Publications, Films and Computer Games) Act 1995” [https://www.classification.gov.au/about-us/legislation]
• Australian Government: Classification - “Classification (Publications, Films and Computer Games) Act 1995” [https://www.legislation.gov.au/C2004A04863/latest/text]
• BBC - “Mortal Kombat: Violent game that changed video games industry” [https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-27620071]
• DigitalTrends - “‘Night Trap 2’ development to accelerate after original’s ports are completed” [https://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/night-trap-2-in-development-vr/]
• Education Week - “Coalition To Develop Rating System for Video Games” [https://www.edweek.org/education/coalition-to-develop-rating-system-for-video-games/1993/12]
• ESRB - “Our History” [https://www.esrb.org/history/]
• Gamasutra - “The Replay Interviews: Rob Fulop” [https://web.archive.org/web/20130315172511/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/6316/the_replay_interviews_rob_fulop.php]
• Game Developer - “A Brief History of the ESRB” https://www.gamedeveloper.com/business/a-brief-history-of-the-esrb
• Game Developer - “The Origins of Night Trap: An Excerpt from Generation Xbox” [https://www.gamedeveloper.com/business/the-origins-of-i-night-trap-i-an-excerpt-from-generation-xbox]
• Games From The Black Hole - “Night Trap – Frights, Camera, Action!” [https://gamesfromtheblackhole.wordpress.com/2021/01/24/nighttrap/]
• Superjump Magazine - “The History of Australian Games Classification and Censorship"https://www.superjumpmagazine.com/the-history-of-australian-games-classification-and-censorship/
• IMDB - “Night Trap: Trivia” [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0105000/trivia/]
• Kickstarter - “Night Trap ReVamped” [https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1018579240/night-trap-revamped]
• Kotaku - “25 Years Later, 'Disgusting' Night Trap Is Incredibly Tame” [https://kotaku.com/25-years-later-disgusting-night-trap-is-incredibly-tam-1797864067]
• Kotaku - “Night Trap Creators Defend Sloppy Kickstarter... Sorta” [https://kotaku.com/night-trap-creators-defend-sloppy-kickstarter-sorta-1620307753]
• Kotaku - “Sega's Most "Shameful", "Sick" And "Disgusting" Video Game” [https://kotaku.com/segas-most-shameful-sick-and-disgusting-video-ga-5785158]
• Kotaku - “The Most Infamous '90s Live-Action Game Is Making A Comeback” [https://kotaku.com/the-most-infamous-90s-live-action-game-is-making-a-come-1619535873]
• Left4Gore - “Putting the gore back into Left 4 Dead 2.” [https://www.left4gore.com/]
• Medium - “Wait, Why Was Night Trap So Controversial Again?” [https://medium.com/@robertworkman_Disruptor/wait-why-was-night-trap-so-controversial-again-1103cb78cab1]
• News.com.au - “Games get film ratings” [https://web.archive.org/web/20050609030406/http://www.news.com.au/story/0%2C10117%2C15534581-421%2C00.html]
• Nintendo Life - “Feature: The Making Of Night Trap, The World's Most Famous Video Game Nasty” [https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2018/04/feature_the_making_of_night_trap_the_worlds_most_famous_video_game_nasty]
• Nintendo Life - “Meet Project NEMO, The Nintendo Killer That Never Was” [https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2013/12/meet_project_nemo_the_nintendo_killer_that_never_was]
• NY Times - “Toys 'R' Us Stops Selling a Violent Video Game” [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101125150/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/17/nyregion/toys-r-us-stops-selling-a-violent-video-game.html]
• NY Times - “When Mortal Kombat Came Under Congressional Scrutiny” [https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/08/business/video-games-violence.html]
• Polygon - “A brief history of the ESRB rating system” [https://www.polygon.com/2018/3/3/17068788/esrb-ratings-changes-history-loot-boxes]
• Polygon - “Cult classic Night Trap makes its return in August” [https://www.polygon.com/2017/7/27/16051160/night-trap-ps4-steam-release-date]
• Polygon - “Night Trap creator planning to re-release the game” [https://www.polygon.com/2014/5/19/5732800/night-trap-re-release-plans]
• Polygon - “Night Trap was Hasbro’s failed attempt to make less scary vampires” [https://www.polygon.com/23940136/night-trap-sega-hasbro-vampires-augers]
• Reddit - “[Video Games] Night Trap Revamped: How Not To Ask For Over $300,000 To Kickstart A Port Of Your Decades Old Video Game That A Single Developer Could Accomplish Anyway” [https://www.reddit.com/r/HobbyDrama/comments/sixqlw/video_games_night_trap_revamped_how_not_to_ask/?rdt=51245]
• Refused Classification - “Night Trap” [https://www.refused-classification.com/censorship/game/controversial/]
• The Guardian - “When video game age ratings go wrong: Balatro’s battle with Pegi” [https://www.theguardian.com/games/2025/mar/04/video-game-age-ratings-problems-balatro-pegi#:~:text=Age%20ratings%20are%20intended%20to,difference%20between%20success%20or%20failure.]
• Thermal Take - “Failure of the Games Classification System in Australia” [https://blog.thermaltake.com.au/2019/11/the-failure-of-the-games-classification-system-in-australia/]
• United States Government Information - “S. 1823 (IS) - Video Game Rating Act of 1994” [https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/BILLS-103s1823is/summary]
• United States Publishing Office - “TELEVISION VIOLENCE REPORT CARD ACT OF 1995” [https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CRPT-104srpt234/html/CRPT-104srpt234.htm]
• Wikipedia - “1993–94 United States Senate hearings on video games” [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993%E2%80%9394_United_States_Senate_hearings_on_video_games]
• Wikipedia - “Night Trap: United States congressional hearings” [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_Trap#United_States_congressional_hearings]
Videography, Documentaries, and Video Materials
• BBC - “1993: Night Trap controversy” [https://www.bbc.com/videos/cd137rd532go]
• Electron media group, inc. - “Joe Lieberman Leads Senate Judiciary Hearing on Violence in Video Games” [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=veMw1jfsZaw]
• Games Done Quick - “Who Shot Johnny Rock? by sharif in 23:26 - Awesome Games Done Quick 2025” [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HczJtTQ2QKI]
• K. Huntington - “congress vs night trap: 1993” [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eJVnL484jbk]
• Kamikaze Productions - “1994 Senate Committee Hearings on Violence In Video Games” [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RHuI523NJk8]
• La Mazmorra Abandon - “Night Trap: Dangerous Games (Digital Pictures) (Making of / Documentary)” [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Okt1hPJAmc]
• My Life In Gaming - “Night Trap: 25 Years Later / MY LIFE IN GAMING” [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=df2zptiviBo]
• National Film and Sound Archive of Australia - “Night Trap controversy” [https://www.nfsa.gov.au/collection/curated/asset/99155-night-trap-controversy]
• NintendoComplete - “Night Trap: 25th Anniversary Edition Special Features Collection - NintendoComplete” [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L4UuEy_ZT1o]
• Onaretrotip - “The Night Trap Controversy” [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G93u_4kKNNo]
• ParkProductionsGames - “Night Trap - Behind the scenes.” [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYmsCKPJu10]
